The engine, chassis, and cab of a dump truck are constructed similarly to those of a standard cargo truck.
High-pressure oil flows through a distribution valve and hydraulic lines into the lifting hydraulic cylinder; a safety guard is installed at the front of the cargo bed to protect the cab.
The engine drives the hydraulic pump via the transmission and a power take-off (PTO) unit; the hydraulic tipping mechanism consists of an oil reservoir, hydraulic pump, distribution valve, lifting hydraulic cylinder, control valve, and hydraulic lines.
The engine drives the hydraulic pump through the transmission and PTO unit, and high-pressure oil is directed via the distribution valve and lines into the lifting hydraulic cylinder, extending the piston rod to tip the cargo bed. Rearward tipping is the most common configuration; the movement of the piston rod is managed by a control system, allowing the cargo bed to be stopped at any desired angle of inclination. The cargo bed returns to its original position using gravity and hydraulic control.
